Editing Yuzu (Nintendo Switch emulator) (section)

== Preliminary ==
As seen in [[Why The Switch Still Excites]], Nintendo's role as a console manufacturer includes a responsibility to create an ecosystem for developers to create and publish video games. Part of this responsibility includes ensuring that third-party developers can trust Nintendo's platforms, like the Nintendo Switch, to uphold the developer's copyright, by ensuring that theft of their intellectual property does not occur. 

From the Nintendo Entertainment System in 1985, Nintendo can be seen as the sole saviour of the video game market, previously rife with bootlegged software distribution and lackluster financial security. By moderating the ecosystem and enabling a common ground for consumers to play their games, eliminating the necessity for proprietary hardware for individual games, and implementing technological protection measures (TPMs) to prevent intellectual property theft, developers flocked to Nintendo as a video game platform and publisher. Nintendo solely decides which games are playable on their console via a series of hardware and software protections, protecting developers from the copying and distribution of bootlegged software - unlike any console that came before it. Nintendo originated as a playing card company from the 1800s, but video games are their legacy, especially ensuring their success as a company in the later years of its formation. Nintendo's success is a direct result of combating software pirates, and it should come as no surprise that Nintendo wants to protect itself from the consequences that led to the market original demise.

Games released and published by Nintendo currently are protected with numerous copyright protection measures to this day. The Nintendo Switch's operating, Horizon, is an example of flagship security-grade software, and Nintendo's most expansive and technically complicated OS. For example, to date, Horizon publicly has zero exploitable software vulnerabilities that enable high-severity attacks, such as kernel or TrustZone takeover, both of which can lead to the possibility of software piracy. Nintendo invests heavily in the security of its platform, and is widely known to use its position in the industry to deter and set examples for those who threaten it. Horizon is one of the most secure operating systems of the modern era, but that doesn't mean that the Nintendo Switch itself is iron-clad.

In early 2018, a [[Homebrew Dictionary#BootROM|bootROM]] exploit for NVIDIA's Tegra X1 APU, known as [https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-6242 CVE-2018-6242] ([https://github.com/Qyriad/fusee-launcher/blob/master/report/fusee_gelee.md ''fusee-gelee'']), was documented and disclosed to NVIDIA, before later being disclosed to the public. As this particular APU is not only used in the Nintendo Switch, but devices such as the [[wikipedia:Pixel_C|Google Pixel C]] tablet and [[wikipedia:Nvidia_Drive|Nvidia Drive]] autonomous driving framework, it was necessary to inform NVIDIA of the exploit before the general public to prevent malpractice from bad actors, which could have dire implications. Because a bootROM runs before any piece of Nintendo's code, exploits within it bypass a vast majority of Nintendo's hardware security measures that protect the Nintendo Switch and its software. Fusee-gelee was a monumental discovery for reverse-engineering and documenting the Nintendo Switch.

This allowed further and widespread documentation of the Nintendo Switch, especially useful for emulator development. As it bypasses nearly all of Nintendo's security measures, its existence allows exploiters to obtain copies of their Nintendo Switch console's encryption keys, which are unique to every console, before access to those keys are revoked by the operating system. These keys are used in conjunction with others to descramble (decrypt) internal system data, as well as Nintendo's game data.

End-users can take advantage of this bootROM exploit to dump (copy) data from their Nintendo Switch, which (when used in conjunction with an emulator, like ''yuzu'') allows the user to run copies of Nintendo Switch software without using a Nintendo Switch.